Friday, 27 March 2020

More on Venn Diagrams for Regression (Summary)


More on Venn Diagrams for Regression
Volume 10 | Number 1 | May 2002 p.1-10                                                     Peter E. Kennedy
Journal of Statistics Education  
                               
What (abstract)
The main contribution of this the paper consists of suggestions for how this approach (of using Venn diagram) can be used effectively in expositing results relating to bias and variance of coefficient estimates in multiple regression analysis. Previous works IP (2001) have been limited to the R2, partial correlation, and sums of squares in the presence of suppressor variables. This article presents a different interpretation of Venn diagrams, highlighting illustrations of bias and variance.

Methodology/Model/Data-

Regression with single explanatory variable X
Y= variation in Y
From the main article
X= variation in X
Purple= variation in common (βx)
Black= Error term (σ2). The magnitude of this area represents
the magnitude of the OLS estimate of  σ2, the variance
of the error term





Regression with more than one explanatory variable
From the main article
If regress Yon X alone βx=
Blue+Red
If regress Yon W alone βy= Green+Red
If regress Yon X and W together-
1-     βx= Blue+Red βy= Green+Red or
2-     βx= Blue βy= Green or
3-     Divide Red into two parts or any other way to
calculate βx and βy.
The best case is not using the red part but only using
Blue+Yellow and Orange+Blue to represent y and X respectively. The red area shows the joint variation of X and W together which may result in biased estimates.

Here Yellow area represents the magnitude of σ2, the variance of the error term. OLS uses the magnitude of the area that can’t be explained to estimate σ2.

Multicollinearity
 
From the main article
Collinearity is captured by increasing the overlap b/w the X and W circles.
Y estimates- unbiased as in both the figures Blue and The green part is used.
However, it has caused an increase in the variance as the size of Blue and Green the area is shrunk.


Omitting a Relevant Explanatory Variable
Generated by author
Suppose W is emitted. The estimation is biased as both Blue and Red areas are used but variance decreases.
If X and W are orthogonal that is X and W do not overlap, the results remain unbiased and variance is unaffected. We may remove the W variable if it's highly collinear.


Detrending Data
W is a time trend. How will it affect if removed? Remove it. Regress detrended Y on detrended X. Also X and W are not orthogonal. According to the data used…
Reg y on X, obtain Bx and variance vb*.
Reg X onW, save residual r, reg y on r to get c*, est. r coeff., and est. var vc*.
Reg y on W, save the residual s, regress s on r to get d*, est. r coeff., est. var vd*.

Coeff.
Est.
Est. var
b*
1.129427
0.00210754 vb*
c*
1.129427
0.00987857 vc*
d*
1.129427
0.00208904vd*

From the main article
b= usual OLS estimate
r= Orange+Blue (X cant be explained by W)
s= Blue+Yellow (y cant be explained by W)
s+r overlap= Blue
 reg s on r (Blue+Yellow on Orange +Blue)= uses the same info as for esti. b* and c*
But the variances vb*, vc* and vd* respectively are different.

Why?
Although the true variances are equal but the estimated are
 not. vb* and vd* are also nearly equal. These are the variations not explained and calculated by the magnitude of the Yellow area. Let us now come to vc* as it is high comparatively. It is because the variation not explained in y is the Yellow+Red+Green areas making variance σ2 overestimated. That’s why it is greater than vb* and vd*.

Conclusion
The main contribution of this paper is to drawing some effective ways of using Venn Diagram when teaching regression analysis. Also, there are cases where Ballentine (Venn diagram) can mislead in the OLS but for Standard Analysis, it is highly recommended by Kennedy himself.





Monday, 24 April 2017

Candida: A character sketch of Eugene Marchbanks

Eugene Marchbanks


Eugene Marchbanks, an eighteen-year-old poet, the nephew of an earl. Having left Oxford, Marchbanks is found sleeping outdoors by Morell, who brings him home. Marchbanks proceeds to fall in love with Morell’s lovely wife, Candida. He is shy and withdrawn in the early scenes and seems to transform into a brave lad defending his love. Marchbanks is slight, effeminate, frightened, and painfully sensitive, but he has the genuine poet’s insight into human motivations. We learn that he focuses on the belief that Candida is not happy in a relationship with Morell. In order to shape his love for Candida, he provokes Morell into a heated argument discussing who is more suitable for Candida. Here we come to know about Marchbanks being a second strongest character in the play after Candida. He challenges Morell out of his own lectures and messages. There is not a single chance of Marchbanks influenced or convinced by Morell during that heated argument and discussion. Morell is strained to believe that Candida his wife, is a free spirit and is now fed up of this boring life acting as a housewife. He is sure that his own helplessness and inadequacy will prove irresistible to a woman so purely feminine as Candida. He is horrified that Candida must dirty her hands working around the house. Well, he is also seen helping Candida like her boy and takes the least interest in other things. Unable to understand what a woman could find to love in Morell, Marchbanks demands that Candida be given a chance to choose between them. When confronted with the choice, Candida says she chooses “the weakest.” Marchbanks at once understands why Candida loves Morell: He is even more in need of maternal care and pampering than is Marchbanks. Being a strong person commanding emotions Marchbanks do not resist her decision but seems to understand it cautiously. Suddenly a man, Marchbanks leaves to get about his work, after thanking Morell for giving Candida so much opportunity to love.

Friday, 7 April 2017

Role of "BURKINI" in Islam

World War I not only provided impetus to the freedom (openness, secularism, liberalism,etc) movements but it took them to extreme heights. The anti-conceptionist movement had affected France in particular. For over 40 years, birth rate in that country had constantly been falling. In Only 20 out of 87 French Districts birth rate was higher than death rate. Whereas, in the remaining districts, the average death rate was as high as 130, 140, and even 160, against every 100 births. The nation lacked in a sufficient number of combatant young men. There was no other mode, except by raising the national birth rate by all possible means. So the writers, journalists, speakers, even scientists and politicians came out and raised one universal cry requiring the people to bear more and more children without even bothering about marriage formalities. Any spinster or widow, they said, who offered her womb voluntarily in the service of the motherland, deserved to be honoured rather than censured. Lovers of freedom seized this opportunity for spreading among the people all their devilish ideas.
About the same time, the Paris Faculty of Medicine approved a doctoral thesis and published it in its official bulletin. It contained the following sentences also:
“We hope the day will come when without cynical boasting or false modesty we shall say: ‘I had syphilis at twenty years old,’ just as we say nowadays, ‘I have been sent to the hills for spitting blood,… Whoever has passed his youth without contracting those troubles which are as it were the price of pleasure, is but an incomplete being who through cowardice, a cold nature, or religious scruple, has missed the accomplishment of what is perhaps the least degraded of his natural functions”. (Towards Moral Bankruptcy, p.151)
French neo-Malthusian leader Paul Robin says:

“Under the influence of a licentious literature and an immoral stage, divorce and adultery, anti-conceptionist practices and abortion, are acclimatized in our plan of life. Five-and-twenty years ago the very words aroused in the immense majority of people violent feelings of revulsion, even of profound horror and disgust… The automatic reflexes have lost their vigour because the moral atmosphere has changed”. (Towards Moral Bankruptcy, p.152)

Note: To read full article please log on to http://thecompanion.in

Wednesday, 7 September 2016

क्यों इतना बेबस हूँ मैं ।

क्यों   इतना   बेबस   हूँ   मैं
शायद कोई और रूप है मेरा
क्या  पता  ये  दर्द  है उसका
जिसने  मेरा  दिल  है  तोड़ा
आह  यूँ  इतना  बेबस हूँ  मैं

क्यों   इतना   बेबस   हूँ  में
जो   करा  सब  उल्टा  होया
लगता यह कारण है उसका
जो  भी  मैंने  कल था खोया
आह  यूँ  इतना  बेबस हूँ  मैं

क्यों    इतना    बेबस    हूँ   मैं
मैंने   तो  एक  सच  बोला  था
ना जाने क्यों तूफान था आया
और सबने मझसे मुंह है मोड़ा
आह   यूँ   इतना  बेबस  हूँ  मैं

क्यों     इतना     बेबस     हूँ     में
मैंने तो एक लिबास ही समझ था
पर वही था उनको पसंद न आया
ग़रीब    फि र   हमें   समझा   था
आह    यूँ    इतना   बेबस   हूँ   मैं 

क्यों    इतना   बेबस   हूँ   मैं
फिर खुली आँख नींद से मेरी
कहा खुद ने तू कब समझेगा
इतनी छोटी न जिंदगी है तेरी
शायद अब न बेबस हूँ।।।।।।


राफ़े क़ादरी

Saturday, 11 June 2016

Five sips of TEA at Library Canteen




Enter Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), what strikes you first, is the bustle at roadside tea joints, locally known as ‘dhabas’. Hordes of students are seen, sitting and chatting at these dhabas in Shamshad Market, Chungi, Zakariya Market and Dodhpur — the areas adjacent to campus and known as student hangout zones. These tea-sipping and chatting sessions run from early morning to late in the night. And this dhaba culture is said to be as old as the establishment of the university as Mohammedan Anglo Oriental College in 1875. Memorials written by AMU alumni recall lively evenings at ‘Cafe De Laila’ and ‘Cafe De Phoos’, two of the most famous tea joints in the campus. Cafe De Phoos, which recently completed its 100 years of service, has now been shifted to Shamshad Market.

Perhaps it were evenings at these cafes that inspired poet Majaz to compose, ‘Har Sham Hai Sham e Misr Yahan (Every Evening Here Is Like An Evening In Egypt)’ in his famous tribute to his alma mater. This tribute is now sung as the anthem of the university. Famous writer and poet Dr. Rahi Masoom Raza, in one of his novels, ‘Topi Shukla’, describes such evenings in great details. Actually, one of the main characters of the novel, is an Urdu poetry-loving canteen owner.
This dhaba culture has been a sine qua non of AMU campus life. AMU alumni, more colloquially known as ‘Old Boys’, often reminisce about their time spent in these dhabas. Their memoirs published in university magazines, alumni-networked websites and on social media, are full of their nostalgic memories about Aligarh’s tea and time spent conversing with friends at dhabas. Actually, one such memoir, titled, ‘Chotu Chai Lao (Chotu, Bring The Tea)’, written by Islam Lashkar, says that tea can be expanded as ‘TEA = Timepass and Entertainment at Aligarh’ and that the most memorable words heard by an ‘Alig’ are “Chotu chai lao” which is how students order tea at these dhabas.
Aligarh is known for its taste of Urdu poetry. And poetry recitals at these tea gatherings is the most common sight. Besides poetry, students discuss all issues under the sun, but more notably, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, the university founder, the Vice Chancellor, campus politics and the condition of Muslims in India, remain major topics.
But these days, the university library canteen has emerged as a bustling rendezvous of studious students, who unwind after a lengthy reading session in the library over a sip of tea and engage in discussions over the issues which are hot in the campus. A new coinage — sweetheart time — is circulating in the campus to describe such leisure and learning sessions. Most of such tea sessions at the library canteen are spearheaded by research scholars and other senior students. Undergraduate students join them as patient listeners to peep into the intellectual prowess of their seniors and to learn from their experiences and exploits in the campus.

One afternoon, during the annual exam period, I took a break from my study at the library and strolled towards the canteen. There, some seniors were already engaged in a dhaba debate. Some juniors were also there as their audience and companions. Spotting me, one of them called me. I couldn’t resist, as seniors are traditionally respected in AMU. Besides, being a BA freshie, I, myself, used to wait for opportunities to listen to seniors. I noticed how engrossing such sessions are and with every sip of tea, new topics, new ideas, new arguments and new vistas of learning for juniors like us, open. I counted five such sips, and they were followed by these following discussions:
Sip 1: A discussion starts about an evergreen topic in AMU: its founder, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. A research scholar paints Sir Syed as somewhat regressive. “Sir Syed’s politics was weak and his political views were stale and jaundiced. He advocated for separate Muslim politics. Though he was a visionary, he didn’t promote women education,” he asserted. Juniors and undergraduates, listening attentively, nod in agreement. Then suddenly, another senior rebuts this argument: “Sir Syed taught Indians, especially Muslims, how to stand with dignity before the rulers (British at that time) and negotiate for their rights. He was a man of pure scientific temperament. He advocated use of chlorine to purify well-water and called for government arrangement for vaccination against small pox. He even established a journal and a society to translate modern scientific theories and concepts into Urdu language,” he points out. Juniors agree more this time, and proceed to have another sip of their tea.
Sip 2: After Sir Syed, the pet topic for discussion among AMU students, is said to be the incumbent Vice Chancellor of the university. Some seniors say, Lt. Gen. Zameeruddin Shah is a retired army general and thus highly incapable of running the university. “He has damaged students politics and is hated by almost all student lobbies in the campus,” is the opinion of one senior. But some seniors say that Shah is good for the university and is busy developing the varsity and roping in its alumni to contribute in constructing new buildings for the institution and that he must be given credit for that. Juniors look perplexed at this and agree with both points of view, and keep sipping their tea.
Sip 3: Students politics is perhaps discussed in almost all university campuses of the world. AMU is no exception. Students in AMU not only discuss campus politics, they take excessive interest in national issues regarding Muslims. Enthusiastic seniors say that student politics should restart at the campus. “So that, future leaders of Muslims of India may be prepared,” is an argument of one such senior. Another says that it might ruin the environment of the campus. “Haven’t we witnessed in the past that whenever a student union comes into existence, the campus witnesses some serious violent incident and the university is forced to close down? Serious students suffer enormously because of this. And there have been many student leaders after the 80s. Barring one or two, has anyone else become a leader of some significance, let alone leader of Muslims?” emphatically argues another senior. This topic stops here and all turn to their tea.

Sip 4: As every participant takes another sip of hot tea, someone raises the issue of AMU library. Some say that the library is unequipped to cater to the demands of students as it is short of modern and quality books. Some feel proud of Maulana Azad Library’s collection of rare and classical books and manuscripts, but they rue the fact that research scholars of the university don’t take required interest in this treasure trove of knowledge thus the library remains insufficiently utilised. “Even AMU teachers don’t visit the library often and their reading abilities are very limited. They are not only ruining the overall quality of the varsity, they are also jeopardising chances of excellence of their students by setting an ill example,” worries a senior student. Listeners listen pensively, and take to their cup of tea before moving on to another topic.
Sip 5: Now, tea drinkers are debating Facebook. A senior says that Facebook posts lack an element of originality as most of them are written arbitrarily, without much care and discretion. “Mostly they are for fun, self-exhibition or just to pass time,” says one senior. But others say that Facebook is an important and almost integral part of modern ways of communication. “While it connects people and maintains sociability digitally, it helps us to be aware of happenings, similar to the function of mainstream media. People get updated information about the latest happenings as soon as they take place. Important information and circulars get circulated through Facebook all around the globe. Even campus issues like a notice from the administration or any other student-related happenings can be communicated via Facebook from anywhere and at any time. Many student campaigns are run and managed through Facebook making it almost indispensable and a very effective tool of communication, albeit, being addictive and a time-waster at the same time. Juniors must be tutored about the careful use of Facebook,” said a senior, whose popularity in campus is entirely because of his Facebook posts. Juniors seem in total agreement with him.
As the discussion comes to a halt, everyone realises that their tea cups have emptied too. They stand up to disperse. Juniors seek permission to leave. And some new group of tea drinkers gets ready to take their seats.

Note; The Article has been published by -https://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2016/06/amu-dhaba-discussions-over-tea/


Friday, 27 May 2016

बाग़ी





''ज़बान बाहर निकली हुई थी। शरीर पर गहरे घाव थे। ऐसा लगता था उसे बोहोत बुरी तरह पीटा गया हो। मालूम होता था के यह काम किसी इंसान का नहीं बल्कि जानवर का है । उसके सीने और कमर पर चाकुओं के घाव भि थे। बॉडी का रंग भी काला पड़ गया था। बोहोत ही बेदरदी से मार गया था उसको।''

हम लोगों कि तरह मुस्तैन भी एक आम इंसान था। उसके भि छोटे छोटे बच्चे थे। उसको भी अपने बाल बच्चों कि परवरिश करनी थी। भला उसे क्या पता था के दुनिया में उसको भी ग़ुलाम बन कर ही जीना पड़ेगा। न तो उसे ईमानदारी के बदले मौत क्यों मिलती।

घर की बात करें तो एक छोटा सा कमरा है। लाइट का कोई इंतज़ाम नहीं है। कमरे के आगे छोटा सा आँगन भी है। एक कोने में मुस्तैन की बीवी फूल बानो बैठी है। जो भी हुआ है वह उसको अभी सपना ही समझ रही है। उसको गहरा सदमा पहुंचा है। मुस्तैन के माँ -बाप बूढ़े हो चुके हैं। चार बच्चे हैं मुस्तैन के जिनमें सबसे बड़ा बच्चा आठ साल का है।

बात 5 मार्च की रात कि है। मुस्तै अपने चार साथियों के साथ शरीफ गढ़ गया था। सोचा था के वह बच्चों के लिए एक सेहतमंद भैंस लेकर आएगा। बच्चे जी भर के दूध पिएंगे तो माँ-बाप का कलेजा ठंडा हो जाएगा। लेकिन क़िस्मत को शायद कुछ और ही मंज़ूर था। भैंस न मिली तो मुस्तैन ने दो बैल खरीद लिए। अगर मुस्तैन के और साथियों की भी बात करें तो कुल मिलकर पांच बैल खरीदे गए जो तक़रीबन 45000 रुपयों के होंगे।

जब लौटने का वक़्त हुआ तो किराए पर महिंद्रा पिक उप भी लेली। फिर क्या था दिल को तसल्ली दी क्यों की बच्चों के लिए भैंस नहीं मिल पाई थी। लेकिन फिर भी एक मुस्कान लिए घर की तरफ चल दिए। बच्चे भी अपने बाबा के आने की राह देख रहे होंगे। मुझको देखते ही बच्चों की सारी बेचैनी दूर हो जाएगी। और भी अच्छे अच्छे ख्याल मुस्तैन के दिल में चल रहे थे। पर यह क्या पता था की अब बच्चों को देखना नसीब ही न होगा।

ये ख्याल चल ही रहे थे कि अचानक ड्राइवर ने गाड़ी रोकली। मुस्तैन ने घबराकर पूछा क्या हुआ ड्राइवर साहब। ड्राइवर ने घबराकर कहा ''भाई सामने कुछ पुलिसवाले हैं और रसता रोक रख है। लेकिन साथ में 7-8 देशी मुश्टण्डे भी हैं। कुल मिलकर 12-13 लोग होंगे। ड्राइवर ने कहा इनको शायद ''गौ रक्षक ''भी कहते हैं। कुछ फिरौती-विरौती मांगेंगे खामखां। यह कहकर ड्राइवर ने गाड़ी मोड़ ली।

पर तक़दीर का फैसला लिखा जा चूका था। ज़ालिमों ने सड़क पर बड़े-बड़े इंगल लगा दिए थे। जैसे ही गाड़ी मुड़ी फट से ही गाड़ी का टायर पंचर हो गया। अभी इससे समले न थे की कि सामने से अँधा धुंध फायरिंग शुरू हो गयी। समझ में ही नहीं आ रहा था की क्या हो रहा है। क़ानून तो बेगुनाहों को बचाता है लेकिन ये हम पर बेवजह गोलियां क्यों बरसा रहे हैं। यह कैसे पुलिसवाले हैं। मुस्तैन को क्या पता था की उसका पाला क़ानून की वरदी पहन्ने वाले भाड़े के टट्टुओं से पड़ा है।

चारों तरफ से यही आवाज़ें आ रही थीं ''घेरलो-मरलो'' वगैरह वगैरह। उन गद्दारों के पास लोडेड हथियार थे। चला भी ऐसे रहे थे जैसे कोई बांसुरीवाला बांसुरी बज रहा हो। शायद इन लोगों से गोलियों का भी हिसाब न लिया जाता हो।

असलम मुस्तैन का दोस्त था जो उस रात भागकर घर पोहोंच गया था। अब वह भी औरों की तरह मुस्तैन के आने की राह देख रहा था। पर 5 दिन गुज़र गए अभी तक मुस्तैन नहीं आया। फूल बनो भी 5 दिनों से सो नहीं पायी थी। कैसे सो पाती पति ही पत्नि की दुनिया है। बच्चों कि भी हालत कुछ ऐसी ही थी। लेकिन वह अभी तक यही सोच रहे थे की पापा हमारे लिए बोहोत सारा सामन लेकर आएंगे। ख़ुशी से खिल उठते थे पर उनकी मुस्कान भी सूरज की तरह ढलती जा रही थी। मुस्तैन के माँ-बाप की बेचैनी का भी आलम न था। जब रहा न गया तो रिपोर्ट लिखवाडाली। हैबियस कॉर्पस फाइल करा दी गयी।

कोर्ट ने मुस्तैन को तलब किया। एक महीना हो चूका था पर मुस्तैन का कोई अता-पता न था। फिर वह खबर आई जिसका जिसका फैसला तक़दीर पहले ही फैसला कर चुकी थी।

ताहिर हसन को कुरुक्षेत्र बुलाया गया। एक लाश मिली थी किसी नाले में। ताहिर हुसैन बूढ़े बाप थे मुस्तैन के। सोचो ज़रा क्या बीती होगी उस वक़्त बूढ़े बाप के दिल पर। लेकिन हम ठहरे घमंडी इंसान। यह छोटी-छोटी बातें तो रोज़ होती ही रहती हैं। हमें इनसब फ़ालतू बातों से क्या मतलब।

ताहिर हसन ने उस लाश को देखा। वह और कोई नहीं उनके कलेजे का टुकड़ा मुस्तैन ही था। अरे ज़रा सोचो किन आँखों से एक बूढ़े बाप ने अपने बेटे को देखा होगा वो भी मारा हुआ। ऐसी हालत में के लाश भी गल गई हो। ज़रा सोचो उन मासूम बच्चों के बारे में जो ज़िन्दगी भर अपने बाप के आने की राह देखते रहेंगे। उस बूढी माँ का क्या होगा जो मुस्तैन के बिना खाना ही न खाती थी। और फूल बनो उसकी तो ज़िन्दगी ही तबाह हो गयी थी। कौन उसके बच्चों को पालेगा अब।
''मुस्तैन की लाश एक महीने बाद 2 अप्रैल को कुरुक्षेत्र के नाले में मिली थी।''


मुस्तैन को इसलिए मार दिया गया क्योंकी उसके पास ''गऊ माता ''यानि गाए होने का शक था। कल अखलाक को इसलिए मारा था क्योंकी उसके पास ''बीफ़'' होने का शक था। यह बात हिन्दू-मुस्लिम की ही नहीं इंसानियत की भी है। अगर यही इंसानियत है तो में ऐसी इंसानियत की हरगिज़ ग़ुलामी नहीं करूँगा। में करूँगा ऐसी इंसानियत से बग़ावत। में लिखूंगा मुस्तैन और अखलाक के लिए जब तक मेरी रगों में जान है। आज में एलान करता हूँ की में एक ''बाग़ी'' हुँ। 


Sunday, 15 May 2016

In Solidarity with Palestine

                                                       फलस्तीन(Palestine) के लियें।।।।।।





होलोकॉस्ट(Holocaust) के बारे में अक्सर लोग जानते ही हैं। चलो मान लेते हैं होलोकॉस्ट भूतकाल की एक बोहोत ही दर्दनाक घटना थी और इसमें बोहोत से बेगुनाह ज़ीउस [Jews] को हिटलर दुआरा मरवाया गया था। लोगों को आजतक इस बात का दुःख है और रहेगा।

वैसे तो यह दुन्या का अब तक का सबसे बड़ा झूट है।

लेकिन मैने लोगों को कभी फलस्तीन(Palestine) के मुसलमानों के लिए दुःख प्रकट करते हुए नहीं देखा। क्या वह लोग इंसान नहीं हैं। या सिर्फ ज़ीउस(Jews) के मरने पर ही लोगों को दर्द होता है। हजारियों बेगुनाह बच्चों,औरतो और मर्दों को इजराइल(Israel) की फ़ोर्स क़त्ल कर चुकी है और यह तमाशा जारी ही है। यह भी तय नहीं की कब तक जारी रहेगा। क्या यह किसी होलोकॉस्ट(Holocaust) से कम है।

मेरे कहने का मकसद यह है की ईरान(Iran) दुअरा विश्व इस्तर पर होलोकॉस्ट(Holocaust) कार्टून एक्सहिबिशन कराई जा रही है। मैँ बिना किसी डर के इसे सपोर्ट करता हुँ। अगर इससे जेउस(Jews) और उनके चाहनेवालों को ठेस पोहोंची हो तो झंडू बाम लगाकर सो जाएँ मुझे कोई फर्क नहीं पड़ता।

शर्म करो इस्राएलियों(Israelis) तुम नाज़ियों(Nazis) से भी बत्तर हो।

#stopbrutalkillings #comeandsupportPalestine #freePalestine

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